{"id":99,"date":"2017-12-18T11:19:31","date_gmt":"2017-12-18T11:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/?page_id=99"},"modified":"2020-12-03T07:59:56","modified_gmt":"2020-12-03T07:59:56","slug":"vysetreni-ocniho-pozadi-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/vysetreni-ocniho-pozadi-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>O\u010dn\u00ed pozad\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch metod&nbsp;v o\u010dn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam i pro jin\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 obory v\u010detn\u011b intern\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed. Pro lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 si z anatomick\u00e9ho hlediska o\u010dn\u00ed pozad\u00ed l\u00e9pe definovat \u2013 mysl\u00edme t\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti oka, kde najdeme s\u00edtnici a v n\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed c\u00e9vy, kter\u00e9 ji vy\u017eivuj\u00ed. S\u00edtnice obsahuje vlastn\u00ed smyslov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo\u010divn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 po dopadu sv\u011btla p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u011btelnou energii v nervov\u00e9 vzruchy a ty jsou pomoc\u00ed nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken (kter\u00e1 se spojuj\u00ed v optick\u00fd nerv) vedeny do mozku.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed oftalmoskopu. Oftalmoskop\u016f existuje v\u00edce typ\u016f \u2013 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9. P\u0159\u00edm\u00fd oftalmoskop je p\u0159\u00edstroj velikosti baterky, kter\u00fd se p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 k&nbsp;vy\u0161et\u0159ovan\u00e9mu oku. Nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd oftalmoskop m\u00e1 podobu zdroje sv\u011btla, kter\u00fd si vy\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 p\u0159ipevn\u00ed na hlavu, a \u010do\u010dky, kterou dr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ed vy\u0161et\u0159ovan\u00fdm okem.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159ed vlastn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm se do vy\u0161et\u0159ovan\u00e9ho oka obvykle<strong> nakape l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed zornici a t\u00edm zlep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehlednost o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed se pacient nemus\u00ed nijak zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 p\u0159ipravovat a nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nala\u010dno. Bude-li p\u0159ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm provedeno rozkap\u00e1n\u00ed oka, m\u011bl by ov\u0161em p\u0159edem po\u010d\u00edtat s <strong>n\u011bkolikahodinov\u00fdm z\u00e1kazem \u0159\u00eddit motorov\u00e9 vozidlo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno o\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159em p\u0159i poruch\u00e1ch zraku (v\u010detn\u011b dvojit\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed), z intern\u00edho hlediska se vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed pravideln\u011b u pacient\u016f s cukrovkou (k \u010dasn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3ze diabetick\u00e9 retinopatie) a u nemocn\u00fdch s vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem (kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit c\u00e9vky s\u00edtnice a zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku degenerace \u017elut\u00e9 skvrny). Z akutn\u00edch stav\u016f je vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 k n\u00e1lezu odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Pro neurologa je velmi podstatn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159i nitrolebn\u00edm p\u0159etlaku&nbsp;se na o\u010dn\u00edm pozad\u00ed objev\u00ed otok odstupu zrakov\u00e9ho nervu, z toho d\u016fvodu se vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed d\u011bl\u00e1 u pacient\u016f p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novanou lumb\u00e1ln\u00ed punkc\u00ed&nbsp;(ta by se toti\u017e u nitrolebn\u00edho p\u0159etlaku prov\u00e1d\u011bt nem\u011bla).<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Po vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed s rozkap\u00e1n\u00edm o\u010d\u00ed bude \u010dlov\u011bk vid\u011bt rozmazan\u011b a z toho d\u016fvodu by v t\u00e9to dob\u011b nem\u011bl \u0159\u00eddit motorov\u00e9 vozidlo, nebo vykon\u00e1vat jakoukoliv jinou \u010dinnost, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuje dob\u0159e vid\u011bt.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed je snadno dostupn\u00e9 a m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1s informovat nejen o chorob\u00e1ch oka, ale i o mnoha jin\u00fdch nemocech, kter\u00e9 se posti\u017een\u00edm o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed projevuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O\u010dn\u00ed pozad\u00ed Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch metod&nbsp;v o\u010dn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam i pro jin\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 obory v\u010detn\u011b intern\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed. Pro lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 si z anatomick\u00e9ho hlediska o\u010dn\u00ed pozad\u00ed l\u00e9pe definovat \u2013 mysl\u00edme t\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti oka, kde najdeme s\u00edtnici a v n\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed c\u00e9vy, kter\u00e9 ji vy\u017eivuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-wrapper\"><a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/vysetreni-ocniho-pozadi-2\/\" title=\"Read More\"> <span class=\"button default\">Read More<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":398,"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99\/revisions\/398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ocnichrudim.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}